An estimated 15 percent of Americans have a fear of the dentist and skip their regular check-ups. While maintaining proper oral hygiene at home is important to keep your teeth healthy, annual or bi-annual appointments with the dentist are crucial for oral health. Regular cleanings can help prevent diseases such as periodontal (gum) disease.
What is periodontal disease?
The human mouth is full of bacteria. That bacteria can settle on teeth and form a sticky, colorless plaque. While brushing and flossing can help remove plaque, any plaque left behind can harden and leave behind a tartar on the teeth. This can only be removed with a professional cleaning.
The longer the plaque and tartar sit on the teeth, the more damage they can do. Gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease. The gums become red, swollen and can bleed easily. It can usually be reversed with daily brushing and flossing and a regular professional cleaning.
If gingivitis is not treated, it can advance to periodontal disease, or periodontitis. In periodontitis, the bacteria on your teeth spreads below the gum line. The buildup of plaque and bacteria causes the gums to inflame and pull away from the teeth. This forms a pocket between the tooth and the gum, allowing for even more plaque to build up.
In extreme cases that are left untreated, periodontitis can destroy the gums and bones surrounding the teeth, which can lead to tooth loss.
Signs and Symptoms
Signs that you could have gum disease include:
If you have concerns about your gums or oral health, consult your dentist.